Door operating means



Nov. 26, 1940. G. H. scRAGG DOOR OPERATING MEANS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed Oct. 5, 1935 Fm? AQSULCLW INVENTOR.

Nav. 26, 1940. G. H. scRAGG l 22239050 DOOR OPERATING MEANS Original Filed Oct. 5, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 an ATTORNEY;

Patented Nov. 26, 1940 l PATENT OFFICE D001! OPERATING MEANS George l1. Soran, Cleveland, Ohio Application october s, 1935, vseriali No. 43,663 Renewed March 27, 1940 g 13 claims.

' This invention relates to means whereby doors, especially of automobiles, may be secured and their operation facilitated.

The main object of the invention is to provide o improved means as indicated which shall be efcient in operation and simple in construction and by which the means for effecting the several operations shall be properly corelated.

A further and more specic object of the invention is to provide a latch and means for forcing the door closed with a common operating means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a means for forcing the door closed and a l5 means forrforcing the door open with a common operating means.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for forcing the door tightly shut.

A further object of the invention is to provide a latch, a means for forcing the door open, a means for forcing the door closed and a common operating means for the latch, door-opening means and door-closing means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a latch and a lock for the door with a common operating means for the latch and lock.

A further object of the invention is to provide a latch for the door, means for forcing the door open and a lock for the door with a common operating means for the latch, door-opening means and lock.

A further object of the invention is to provide a door with locking means and door-opening means with a common operating means for the door-opening means and the lock.

A further object of the invention is to provide a door with a latch and means for forcing the door tightly closed.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for locking the door which can be unlocked from the exterior only.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the door may be locked or the locking means may be set so that it may be unlocked from the interior or exterior only as may be desired.

Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention- Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of an automobile with the invention applied to a door thereof;

I Fig. 2 is a side elevation, on an enlarged scale, 55 of the latching and opening mechanism, the

parts being shown with the latch in latching position and with the opening and closing wedges in retracted position;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 2 but showing 5 the parts in position where the opening and closing wedges are in retracted position so that the door is free to be opened;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the parts in position where the opener is thrust l0` forward forcing the door open, the closing wedge and latch being withdrawn;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but with the opener withdrawn, the latch in latching posil5 tion and the closing wedge in closing position;

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 2, of a modified construction of latch, door opener and door closer, with the parts in position where the latch 20 is in extended or engaging position and both the opener and closer are in retracted or inoperative position;

Fig. 10 is a section on the line Ill-l0 of Fig, 9;

Fig. `11 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but with the 25 latch in retracted position;

Fig. 12 is a View similar to Fig. 9 but with the latch and closer in inoperative positions and the opener in extended position;

Fig. 13 is a section on the line |3|3 of Fig. 30 l2;

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but with the closer and latch in extended positions and the opener retracted;

Fig. l5 is a section on the line l5-I5 of Fig. 35 14; and

Fig. 16 isa view similar to Fig. 14, with the parts in position such that the door cannot be unlocked except from the outside of the door.

Referring to the drawings and first to Figs. 40 l to 8 inclusive, the automobile body I has a usual or suitable door 2 swinging on vertical hinges 3. Mounted in the door is a suitable casing 4 within which is mounted a latch bolt 5, an opening bol-t B and'a closing bolt 1 which 45 slide in suitable orices in the casing 4 and engage with the striker plate 8 mounted upon the door jamb 9. The latch bolt and opening and closing bolt-s are operated by an arm I0 mounted upon a shaft II journaled in the casing and having a', square section i2 which engages in. a square hole in the arm IU to prevent relative turning. The arm I0 extends on both sides of the shaft and forms in effect two angularly displacedv arms. To the inside end of the shaft n is exeal the arm la by willen the shaft; Il may be turned. The arm I3 may be connected by suitable linkage I4 with a, handle I5 so as to be operated from a distance at a more convenient location. The outer end of the shaft Il has fixed to it the handle I6 for turning the shaft from the ex-terlor of the door. The latching bolt 5 tends to be forced into extended position by reason of a coiled spring I1 having one end secured to the pin I8 fixed in the casing 4 and the other end of the spring engaging with -a pin I9 fixed on the latch bolt 5. The outward movement of the latch bolt under the iniiuence of the spring is limited by the pin I9 coming against the. casing i.

In its extended position the nose of the latch bolt engages in the notches 26 and 2| in the striker plate 8, the notch 20 being adapted to receive the nose of the latch bolt and hold the door when the last has not been completely closed, while the latch bolt nose engages in the notch 2| when the door has been approximately completely closed. As is usual with latch bolts the outer face of the nose of the latch bolt is flat and adapted to be opposed by abrupt shoulders on the striking plate to prevent opening of the door without retracting the latch bolt, while the rear face of the latch bolt and nose is beveled andthere are corresponding beveled faces on the striker plate to cause the latch bolt to be automatically retracted and snap into the notches of the striker plate as the door is closed.

The latch bolt 5 is retracted against the spring I1 by the arm I0 operating on it through the closing bolt 1. The closing bolt 1 has xed upon it a pin 22 which is embraced within the fork formed by the projections 23 and 24 at the upper end of the arm I0. The turning of this arm in the direction as indicated by the arrow (Fig. 2) will cause the bolt 1 to be retracted and bear against the upstanding projection 25 upon the latch bolt 5 whereby the latch bolt will be retracted along with the bolt 1 until its full retractive position is reached as shown in Fig. 4.

The opening bolt 6 is retracted and extended by means of the pin 26 fixed in the bolt and extending into the recess 21 in the end of the arm II). In the position as shown in Fig. 2 the opening bolt is in retracted position as is also the closing bolt, while the latch bolt is in extended or securing position. In the position as shown in Fig. 4 the movement of the arm in the direction of the arrow has withdrawn the latch bolt to its retracted position but the width of the recess 21 has permitted this to be done without moving the opening bol-t 6. In the position as shown in Fig. 4, however, the arm has come against the pin 26 and further movement of the arm in the saine direction, and into the position as shown in Fig. 5, results in the extension of the opening bolt 6 which causes its diagonal outer end face 28 to wedge against a corresponding diagonal face 29 on the striker plate 8 and wedge the door slightly open as shown in Fig. 6. From this position the door is readily opened to the desired extent, any initial sticking or jamming of the door being overgomes by the Wedgng action of the opening olt When the operating force is removed from the handle, the Spring I'I will throw the parts into the position as shown in Fig. 2, so\ that the door will automatically latch in the usual manne when pushed toward closing position.

If now the arm I0 is moved from this position by rotating it by means of one of the handles in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 7 (the opposite to that in Fig. 2), the projection 23 will bear against the pin 22 and move the closing bolt 1 into extended position as shown in Fig. 7, the diagonal outer end face 30 of the bolt coming against the corresponding diagonal face 3| on the striker plate and operating to wedge or cam the door inwardly thereby taking up any possible looseness between the door and its frame, occasioned by Wear or otherwise. This wedging of the door against the frame will securely hold it tightly closed and prevent rattling. The closing bolt is held in its position of wedging the door shut by reason of the fact that the projection 23 of the arm I0 is vprovided with a recess at its end in which the pin 22 lodges (see Fig. '7) when the closing bolt is fully extended and holds it in that position. On reversal of the rotationl of the shaft II, from, the position as shown in Fig. '1., and its movement to the position as shown in Fig. 2 will withdraw the closing bolt, further movement will withdraw the latch bolt and further movement will extend the opening bolt to initially open the door. On the closing of the door the latch bolt will automatically snap into engagement with the striker plate as stated, and when the door has been closed a turning of the shaft Il into the position as shown in Fig. '1 will result in the Wedging of the door tightly against its frame and prevent rattling.

Referring now to Figs. 9 to 16 of the drawings, the casing 4' is mounted in the door 2', the striker plate 8 being mounted on the jamb 9. The apparatus comprises, like the device of the foregoing Figures 1 to 8, a rotatable shaft 32 having a square section 33 entering within a square hole in the arm 34, whereby the arm is turned with the shaft. One end of the arm has the fork formed by the projections 35 and 36 within which is embraced the pin 31 fixed on the sliding bolt 38 adapted to cooperate with the striking plate to wedge the door closed (see Fig. 15), the sliding latch bolt 39 tends to be extended by the spring 40 and is limited in its extended movement by the pin 4I thereon coming against the casing 4', the latch bolt 39 having an upstanding projection 42 at its rear end adapted to be engaged by the rear end of the bolt 38 as the last is moved to the left in Fig. 9, to retract the latch bolt. The other end of the arm 34 has a fork formed by the projections 43 and 44 within which is embraced the pin 45 on the door-opening bolt 46,

the recess between the projections 43 and 44 being of the apparatus of Figs. 1 to 8; instead, however,

of operating handles or levers upon both ends of the shaft 32, there is an operating handle 41 at the outer (outside the door) end of the shaft only, and by means of the handle 41 the parts referred to are operated in the same manner as the similar parts are operated from the handle I 6 of Fig. 3.

To operate the parts from the inner side of the door a separate operating shaft 48 is journaled in the casing 4' and is operated by a handle 49 fixed upon the shaft. Also fixed upon the shaft is the dog 50 which-operates the parts as 75 the shaft 48 is turned and also serves to effect locking of the parts as will appear from-the following:

The dog 50 is held against accidental displacement, but remains in any position to which it may be moved, by means of a coiled spring 3i having one end bearing against the casing 4' and the other against the dog 50. If, from the position of parts as shown in Fig. 9, the handle 49 and its connected shaft 48 and dog 50 are turned in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in that figure, the lower end of the dog will come against the lower end of the arm 34 and move it into the position as shown in Fig. 11 wherein the latch bolt 39 has been retracted. The further movement of the handle and dog in this same direction causes the dog to move the arm 35 into the position as shown in Fig. 12 wherein the dooropening bolt 43 is forced against the striker plate 9', as shown in Fig. 13, and the door is forced open.

If, from the position as shown in Fig. 9, the handle 49 and dog 50 are turned in a clockwise direction, the upper end of the dog 50 will come against the upper portion of the arm 34 and force the same into the position as shown in Fig. 14, at which point the bolt 38 for wedging the door shut will be extended so as to wedge against the striker plate as shown in Fig. 15, and the detent 52 at the upper end of the dog 50 will enter the notch 53 in the arm 34, which will prevent movement of the arm in a counterclockwise direction. Under this condition it will be seen that the bolt 39 engages with the striker plate to lock the door shut, and it can be unlocked only from the interior of the car (by the handle 49) and cannot be unlocked from the exterior of the car (by the handle 41). It will be' seen that the bolt 38 is held in extended and locking position by means of the projection 35, and that therefore the latch bolt 39 cannot be retracted from its locking position. Any attempt by means of the handle 41 to movethe arm 34 in the counterclockwise direction from the position as shown in Fig. 14 will be resisted by the dog 5l).v 'I'he .bolt 38 will thusy be securely held in locking position by theI bearing of the pin 31 against the arm 34 which is in turn locked by the dog'- 50 as referred to. However, the turning of the shaft 48 in a counterclockwise direction from the position as shown in Fig. 15,will result in turning of the dog 50, withdrawal of the detent 52 from the notch 53 and the movement of the arm 34 in such direction as to retract the bolt 38 out of locking position as shown, for instance in Fig. 9, and .further turning of the shaft 43 in the direction as stated wm result in the retraction of me latch bolt 39 into unlocked position ,as'shown in Fig. 11. It is therefore clear that in the manner Just described the door may be locked so thatit may be unlocked from the inside only.

It may be` desirable, las for instance where children are in the car and might accidentally open the door and fall out, to lock the door so that it cannot be unlocked from the inside. To.

accomplish this result the arm 34 may be turned by the shaft 32 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 16) into the position of Fig. 16 where the pin 31 will lodge in the concave seat upon the end of the projection 35 whereupon the locking bolt 38 will be securely held in locking position by the arm 34 forming a strut between the pin 31 and the shaft 32, upward movement of the bolt 39 being prevented by the top of the casing 4' in proximity to which it is. l. Any turning 0i the shaft 4B in al counterclockwise direction in an attempt to move the arm 34out of restraining position would simply result inthe lug 54 at the lower end of the dog 53 being brought against the end of the projection 43 on the arm 34, whereupon the dog and arm would be jammed between their two centers, and the movement arrested. Further movement of the arm 34 in-a clockwise direction is prevented .by the concave portion 55 of the arm coming against the hub 55 oi' thedog 50. Movement of the arm 34 in the counterclockwise direction (Fig. 16) to remove the pin from the concave seat could readily be effected byturning the shaft 32 by the handle 41. The continued turning of the arm would cause the locking bolt' 33 to be retracted by the projection 36 coming against the pin 31 until the bolt is fully retracted and the door unlocked. I

In most of the positions in which the dog 50 may be located, the movement 'of the locking bolt to unlocking position by the continuous turning of the arm 34 is as referred to,as in the majority of cases the detenty 52 would not come into registry with the notch 53 to arrest such movement. In some cases, however. as for instance if the arm 34 is moved into the locking position of Fig. 16 from the-position of parts of Fig. 14, the detent 52 will enter the notch 53 on counterclockwlse movement and the movement will be arrested. It will then be necessary to turn the shaft 48 from the yinside 'to release the arm and permit the completion of the unlocking operation.

While the invention has been illustrated in.

what are considered its best applications it may have other embodiments without departing from its spirit andis not therefore limited to the structures'shown in the drawings.

What I claim is:

1. In door-operating apparatus, the combination of rectilinearly moving, wedging, door-opening means, rectilinearly moving, wedging, doorclosing means and a common operating means for said door-opening means and said door-ciosing means. y

2. In door-operating apparatusI the combination of a rectilinearly moving latch bolt, rectilinearly moving, wedging means for forcing the door closed, means for forcing the door open and a common operating means for said latch bolt, said door-opening means and said doorarms and door-closing means operated by another of said arms. f

5. In door-operating apparatus, the combination of a rotary shaft, arms extending from said shaft and angularly displaced. about the same, a latch bolt and door-closing meansv operated by one of said arms and door-opening means operated by another of said arms. y

6. Inl apparatus of 'the character described. the combination of a latch boit for a door. doorwedging means and means for locking said doorwedsing means in door-locking position and GliA operable to unlock the door from the outside of the door only. Y

7. In apparatus of the character described, the combination'kwith a latch bolt for a door and means for locking the, door settable to be operable to unlock the door from the outside of the door only or from the inside of the door only. 8. In apparatus of the character described, the combination, of wedging locking means for a door, a rotatable shaft operable from the inside of the door for operating said locking means, a second rotatable shaft operable from the outside of the door for operating said locking means, and means operable by the second mentioned shaft for locking the door against unlocking by the first mentioned shaft.

9. In apparatus of the character described, the combination, of wedging locking means for a door, a rotatable shaft operable from the inside of the door for operating said locking means, a secondrotatableshaft operable from the outside of the door for operating said locking means, means operable by the flrst mentioned shaft for locking the door against unlocking by the second mentioned shaft and means operable by the second mentioned shaft for locking the door against unlocking by the first mentioned shaft.

10. In door-operating apparatus, the combination with a rotatable shaft, of a recilinearly moving door-opening bolt having a pin, an arm on said shaft having a fork at one end embracing said pin, a rectilinearly movable 'springpressed latch bolt, a second arm on said shaft, a reciprocating member operatively engaging said latch bolt and a pin on said member, said second arm having a forked end engaging said pin on said member for operatively connecting said second arm with said latch bolt whereby said latch bolt may be retracted, the width of the recess in said rst mentioned fork being greater than the diameter of its embraced pin to permit retraction of said latch bolt without moving said door-opening bolt.

11. In door-operating apparatus, the combination with a rotatable shaft, of an arm on said shaft, a rectilinearly moving spring-pressed aaaaoso latch bolt, meansv for operatively connecting said arm with said latch bolt, a rectilinearly moving door-opening bolt,a second arm on said shaft. means for operatively relating said'second arm to said door-opening bolt a second rotatable shaft and a dog carried by' said `second shaft,

said dog being adaptedtoib'e moved into and out of `engagement with anfarm on the mst mentioned shaft to Vlock said first mentioned shaft from operation to *retract said latch bolt.

12. In door-operating apparatus, the combination with a rotatable shaft, of an arm on said shaft, a rectilinearly moving spring-pressed latch bolt, means for operatively connecting said arm with said latch bolt, a rectilinearly moving door-opening bolt, a second arm on said shaft, means for operatively relating said second arm to-said door-opening bolt, a second rotatable shaft and a dog carried by said second shaft, said dog being adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with an arm on the first mentioned shaft to lock said rst mentioned shaft from operation to retract said latch bolt and means carried by saidsecond shaft adapted to engageV one of said arms on said first mentioned shaft to operate it to retract said latch bolt.

13. In door-operating apparatus, the combination with a rotatable shaft, of anarm on said shaft, a rectilinearly moving spring-pressed latch bolt, means for operatively c'onnecting'said arm with said latch bolt, a rectilinearly moving door-opening bolt, a second arm on said shaft, means for operatively relating said second v'arm to said door-opening bolt, a second rotatable shaft and a dog carried by said second shaft, said dolg being adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with an arm on the rst mentioned shaft to lock said rst mentioned shaft from operation to retract said latch bolt and means carried by said second shaft adapted to engage one of said arms on said first mentioned shaft to operate it to retract said latch bolt, said irst mentioned shaft being movable into position where it isinoperable by said second shaft to retract said latch bolt.

GEORGE H. SCRAGG. 

